Philosophical Analysis of the Hadis of the Imam Ali in the Hikmat 470 of Nahj al-Balaghah, Based on the Foundations of Transcendent Theosophy

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Ph.D. Student in Transcendent Theosophy, Department of Islamic Philosophy and Theosophy, Faculty of Theology and Islamic Studies, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran .

2 Associate Professor, Department of Islamic Knowledge and Sciences, Faculty of Theology and Islamic Studies, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.

Abstract

In the wisdom 470 of Nahj al-Balaghah, a question about Tawhid was posed to Imam Ali (peace be upon him); the Imam, in a brief and profound answer, establishes a connection between “Tawhid” and “Not conceiving God through Wahm.” This present research, using an analytical‑descriptive method and relying on the foundations of transcendent wisdom, aims to investigate this concise and profound statement. The findings of the research indicate that this hadith guides toward tawhid through five layers of interpretation: first, through the negation of the object of wahm; second, through the negation of any kind of wahmī perception; third, through the absolute negation of acquired knowledge (al-ʿilm al-ḥuṣūlī); fourth, through the absolute negation of perception altogether (both acquired and presential); and fifth, after the impasse of any knowledge through other-than-God, through the knowledge of God by God. In light of this five-layered interpretation, the research arrives at the conclusion that attaining 'tawhid' is the result of an intensifying and evolutionary process that possesses numerous degrees and levels. Ultimately, this writing not only emphasizes the unparalleled capacity of transcendent wisdom in deeply elucidating the teachings of the Ahl al‑Bayt, but also vividly illustrates the harmony between rational foundations and revelatory teachings.

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