A Reflection on the Attribution of “Dhawq-ul-Ta’alluh” (Tasting of Divinization/Theosis) to Jalâl Al-Dîn Al-Dawânî

Document Type : Research Paper

Author

Assistant Professor, Department of Islamic science, Faculty of Philosophy &Theology, Research Institute of Hawzah and University (RIHU), Qom, Iran.

Abstract

The unity of existence and the multiplicity of Essence is one of the ontological theories that always associated with the name of Dawān, which is referred to as dhawq-ul-ta’alluh (tasting of divinisation/theosis). According to this theory the truth of "existent" (al-wujūd) is considered to Wājib-ul-Wujūd (God), but "existent" (mawjūd) is more general than existent, and includes both God and all creatures. Dawānī has proposed and argued this theory in his numerous works. Philosophical and mystical works of the 9th, 10th, and 11th centuries AH (15th-17th centuries CE) indicate that the "dhawq-ul-ta’alluh" was favored by many philosophers and mystics. Some of them made exaggerated claims: this theory is accepted by all philosophers. The question here is whether Dawānî was innovative in presenting this theory, or he merely revised the theory that was proposed before him? By examining the legacy of philosophers who preceded Dawānī, we find that this theory was the focus of some divine philosophers before him, and Dawānî cannot be considered the originator of this theory. Among the philosophers, "Quṭb-ul-Dīn al-Rāzī" considered to be the main designer of this theory and attributing it to Dawânî as a result of his high position in the scholarly societies of that time and his great effort to explain this theory in his numerous works.

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References

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