A comparative study of Sincerity from the viewpoint of ḴᵛājaʿAbdullāh Anṣārī in Manāzel al-Sā'erīn and Baḥya Ben Joseph ibn Paqūda in Al-Hidāyah ilá farāʼīḍ al-qulūb

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Postdoctoral researcher, Department of Islamic Philosophy and Theology, Faculty of Theology and Ahl-al-Bayt (Prophet's Descendants), Isfahan University, Isfahan, Iran.

2 Associate Professor, Department of Islamic Philosophy and Theology, Faculty of Theology and Ahl-al-Bayt (Prophet's Descendants), University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.

Abstract

Sincerity is one of the prominent moral virtues of man in the religions of Judaism and Islam, which Khajeh Abdullah Ansari (391-481 AH), a Muslim mystic, has placed in Manāzel al-Sā'erīn, and Baḥya Ben Joseph ibn Paḳūda, his contemporary Jewish mystic, has included in Al-Hidāyah ilá farāʼīḍ al-qulūb among the Spiritual Journeying. The findings of this study, which is based on library studies and descriptive-analytical method, show that these two mystics, despite the coincidence in the definition of Humility, differ in its position, description and division. Khajeh considered humility in the twenty-fourth place of his Spiritual Journeying towards monotheism, while ibn Paḳūda has considered it as the fifth gate of the ten gates on divine love. Khajeh, who based his Spiritual Journeying on the sources of the Qur'an and Islamic traditions, in his brief expression has divided humility into three degrees, based on the degree of seekers. But Baḥya, in the form of a detailed and influenced expression from Islamic sources, by emphasizing the use of the three sources of reason, written sources and Jewish traditions, considers the attainment of sincerity as the result of going through tens of steps and deals in detail with the pathology of sincere action.

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Journal of Religious Thought : A Quarterly Journal of Shiraz University
Volume 23, Issue 89 - Serial Number 89
February 2024
Pages 93-112

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