A Comparative Analysis of Akhavan Al-Safa’s Theological Beliefs with Sharif al-Murtaza’s Viewpoints (A case study: the most important discrepancies)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

university of isfahan

Abstract

 
During the Islamic Middle Ages, different religious groups were present in Baghdad and engaged in scientific activities. The scientific themes of some of these groups including the Akhavan Al-Safa and the Imami School of scholars and theologians were philosophical and theological. Although their scientific themes seem to be similar, a comparative analysis of their views demonstrates that there are fundamental and serious discrepancies in some cases.
     Sharif al-Murtaza, who was the most prominent representative of the Baghdad school of Imami theologians and scholars, used an alternate method (direct and indirect criticism) to criticize the views of other schools. To criticize Akhavan Al-Safa’s theological views, he used indirect criticism.
Sharif Morteza falsified Akhavan Al-Safa’s views on the following important theological themes such as: the reincarnation of souls, the interpretation of prophets’ miracles, the denial of appeal, the absence of Imam al-Montazer, pilgrimage to the Imams, the mourning of Imam Husseini, the nature of the Quran, discovery of the mysteries of religion.
Akhavan Al-Safa and Sharif al-Murtaza’s theological differences should be sought in the following reasons: the eclectic nature of the Akhavan Al-Safa's 's views, their tendency to Sufism, and his own view of superiority of philosophy over religion. Nevertheless, due to the fact that both theological schools adopted a rationalist’s approach, and Akhavan Al-Safa pursued freedom of thought, they agreed on some theological issues. Finally, the Akhavan Al-Safa were defeated not only by both the school of theologians and scholars of Baghdad and the other theological sects because they disregarded the law governing survival and the publicity and decline of theological schools.
 
 
 
 

Keywords

References

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