Epistemic value of presumption in Fakhr – Al – Din Razi’s point of view (From epistemological validity of presumption to its functions in theism & motivations of act)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Abstract

 
This article explores Razi’s view of presumption and its epistemological validity. The conceptual analysis of presumption demonstrates that Razi has applied it in different meanings. This article attempts to delineate the most important modes of validation of presumption in Razi’s epistemology. Of the six modes of validity of presumption discovered, two modes are more important: the representation of reality in presumption and plurality of presumption. The representation of reality is the most important mode of validity of certainty and real perceptions which are based on correspondence theory. The question is whether or not presumption has epistemic values. And generally speaking, what is the position of presumption in the representation of reality? Razi constructs non-certain knowledge in an epistemic process in which the plurality of presumptions has caused certainty in human perceptions. The presumption of plurality represents reality when involved in the process of certain-making, and there is a relationship between claimed and real indicative. For this reason, in describing this relationship, Razi utilizes the word “preparing cause” as opposed to “acqiuring” which exists in some real percepts. This relationship is the source of representation of reality and epistemological validity. So, Razi analyzes presumption in a process with a systematical view and does not consider it in isolation from other human beliefs. He sketches a model including the epistemological application of presumption in the process of assurance-making reasons to accept the existence of God and motives of act.

Keywords

References

 
1. Alishahi, Abolfazl et al., (2016), "Principles of the Authority of Suspicion Resulted in Science and its Diagnosis Mechanisms", Quarterly Journal of Jurisprudential Essays, 2(5), pp. 91-118.
2. Amini, Alireza and Dadashi, Mohammad Reza, (2013), "Concept and Nature of Certainty in Elm Al Osul", Journal of Islamic Jurisprudence and Law Studies, 5(8), Spring and Summer, pp. 7-34.
3. Baranjkar, Reza, and Nosratian, Mehdi, (2014), "The Validity of Suspicion in Beliefs", Quarterly Journal of Modern Religious Thought,10(39), pp. 67-82.
4. Eliasi, Mohammad Hossein, (2009), "Theoretical and Practical Foundations of Persuasion", Quarterly Journal of Basij Studies,12 (45), Winter, pp. 41-71.
5. Farabi, Abu Nasr, (1983), Fusus Montazeah, Research by Fawzi Najjar, second edition, (): Al-Zahra Publications.
6. Farabi, Abu Nasr, (1986), Al-Muntaqiyat, research by Mohammad Taghi Daneshpajooh, Qom: Ayatollah Marashi Najafi Library.
7. Faali, Mohammad Taghi, (2000), Introduction to Religious and Contemporary Epistemology, second edition, Qom: Ma'aref.
8. Fayyazi, Gholamreza, (2008), Introduction to Epistemology, second edition, Qom: Imam Khomeini Educational Institute.
9. Ghorbani, Hashem; Abolhassani Niaraki, Fereshteh, (2015), "Functional Explanation of Multiple Reasons on Proving God: Fakhr Razi and Swenburne", Quarterly Journal of Doctrinal - Theological Research, Volume 5(17), Spring, pp. 51-76.
10. Mulla Sadra, (1984), Mafatih Al Gheyb, edited by Mohammad Khajavi, Tehran: Cultural Research Institute.
11. Mohammadzadeh, Hossein, (2007), An Exploration on Profundity of Epistemology: The Origins of Knowledge, Qom: Imam Khomeini Educational Institute.
12. Mohammadi, Abdullah, (2014), "The Epistemological Value of Confidence", Journal of Philosophical Knowledge, 11(3), Spring, 35-58.
13. Mustafawi, Hassan, (1989), Research in the Words of the Holy Quran, Tehran: Ministry of Islamic Culture and Guidance.
14. Pouyman, Louise, (2008), Epistemology, translated by Reza Mohammadzadeh, Tehran: Imam Sadegh University.
15. Qurashi, Seyyed Ali Akbar, (1990), Quran Thesaurus, Tehran: Islamic Library.
16. Razi, Fakhreddin, (n.d.), Al Makhlas Elahiat, Manuscript Version, Library of the Islamic Consultative Assembly, Registration code:3921.
17. Razi, Fakhreddin, (1962), Al Barahin fi Elm Al Kalam, edited by Seyyed Mohammad Baqer Sabzevari, Tehran: Tehran University Press.
18. Razi, Fakhreddin, (1998), Tafsir Mafatih al-Ghayb, third edition, Beirut: Dar Al-Ahya Al-Tarath Al-Arabi.
19. Razi, Fakhreddin, (1984), Sharh Asma Allah Al-Hosna (Lavame Al-Bayenat), Cairo: Al-Azhari Public Library.
20. Razi, Fakhreddin, (1982), Commentary on Al Esharat va Al Tanbihat, Qom: Ayatollah Marashi Library.
21. Razi, Fakhreddin, (1992), Al-Qada va Al-Qadar, research by Muhammad Mutasim, second edition, Beirut: Dar Al-Kitab Al-Arabi.
22. Razi, Fakhreddin, (1989), Al Mabahes Al Mashreghiyah, second edition, Qom: Bidar.
23. Razi, Fakhreddin, (1989), Al Mohassel, Introduction and research by Dr. Atai, Oman: Dar al-Razi.
24. Razi, Fakhreddin, (1993), Al Mataleb Al Aliyah min Al Elm Al Elahiyah, edited by Hejazi Saqqa, Beirut: Dar Al-Kitab Al Arabi.
25. Razi, Fakhreddin, (n.d.), Ma'alem Osul Al Din, research by Abdul Rauf Saad, Al-Azhariyah Public Library.
26. Razi, Fakhreddin, (2002), Mantiq Al-Malkhlas, edited by Ahad Faramarz Gharamaleki and Adineh Asgharinejad, Tehran: Imam Sadegh University Press.
27. Razi, Fakhreddin, (n.d.), Nehayat Al Oghul, Manuscript version, Library of the Islamic Consultative Assembly, Registration no. 20771.
28. Ragheb Esfahani, (2008), Mofradat Alfaz Al Qur'an, research by Safwan Adnan Davoodi, Ch. 4, Dar al-Qalam.
29. Sarukhani, Baqer, (2004), "Persuasion; The End of Communication", Journal of Social Sciences, No. 23, June, pp. 93-115.
30. Shaker, Mohammad Kazem, (2007), "A study on the Meaning of Suspicion and its Epistemological and Moral Status in Holy Qur'an", Journal of Essays and Reviews, Summer, No. 84, pp. 107-125.
31. Shams, Mansour, (2008), Introduction to Epistemology, second edition, Tehran: Tarh e Nou.
32. Saduq, Mohammad, (2019), Tawhid, Qom: Islamic Publishing Foundation.
33. Tabatabai, Mohammad Hussein, (1995), Tafsir al-Mizan, fifth edition, Qom: Islamic Publications Office.
34. Tusi, Nasir al-Din, (1991), Commentary on Al Esharat va Al Tanbihat Ibn Sina, Qom: Nashr Al-Balaghah.

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics