Joveini's Ethical Theory in Dependence of Ethics on Religion
Mohsen
Javadi
دانشیار دانشگاه قم
author
Amir
Qorbani
دانشجوی دکتری دانشگاه ادیان و مذاهب قم
author
text
article
2013
per
Among the Muslim scholars the early Asharites especially Imam-Al-Haramain Joveini may be regarded as the exponents of the causal interpretation of the theory of divine command concerning ethics. According to Joveini, the rightness or wrongness of any action can be accounted for by the divine commands or prohibitions; and in fact, a given action is good if God commands it, and bad if God prohibits it. Although the divine command theory in general and its causal interpretation in particular include useful insights, it is subject to sever criticisms which will be discussed in this paper.
Journal of Religious Thought : A Quarterly Journal of Shiraz University
Shiraz University
2251-6123
13
v.
46
no.
2013
1
20
https://jrt.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2439_41bb6f57e020686a9013b8207a8a4de8.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22099/jrt.2013.2439
Compatibilism, A Bridge Between Determinism and Free Will
Zahra
Khazaei
دانشیار دانشگاه قم
author
Fatemeh
Tamadon
کارشناس ارشد فلسفه اخلاق دانشگاه قم
author
text
article
2013
per
With no doubt, the element by which we are permitted to admire or blame one for his good or bad actions is freedom. But what the essence of freedom is and how human being can get it, in a world governed by causal determinism, are two questions which most moral philosophers in west have discussed. In this regard some of them believe that compatibility between freedom and causal determinism is impossible, so they have denied one of them in the favor of the other and have established incompatibilism. In contrary, some others, from modern era up now, have tried to make them compatible, in order to revival moral responsibility and prevent from falling in randomness. This view has been called compatibilism. This article studies compatibilism from the viewpoints of philosophers’ such as Hobbes, Hume, Ayer, Frankfurt, Watson, Wolf and Fischer. Finally this paper it cleared that despite the rightness of compatibilism , because of their unsuccessfulness in proposing a true explanation of human freedom and moral responsibility, compatibilists have failed to show that this view is reasonable and justified.
Journal of Religious Thought : A Quarterly Journal of Shiraz University
Shiraz University
2251-6123
13
v.
46
no.
2013
21
46
https://jrt.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2440_a596d8b45c232b4d6aaab6d2f4d35755.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22099/jrt.2013.2440
Irfan in Iran: The Status of Mysticism and Mystical Education in Contemporary Iran
Mohammad
Fanaei Eshkevari
دانشیار مؤسسه آموزشی و پژوهشی امام خمینی(ره)
author
text
article
2013
per
Throughout history, Iran has been one of the influential centers of mysticism and spirituality. After the arrival of Islam, Iran became a center for Islamic spirituality, also known as Sufism or 'irfan. Many great figures such as Hallaj, BaYazid, Kharaqani, Gazaly, 'Attar, Shams Tabrizi, and Moulavi (Rumi), are all examples of prominent Sufi figures. For over a millennium and through the generations, these spiritual teachings have been transmitted from great Sufi masters to their students. One important phenomena related to mysticism is the relationship between Sufism and Shi'ism and the development of Shi'a 'irfan by individuals such as Haydar Amuly, Ibn Turke and Mulla Sadra. 'Irfan or Sufism is present in various forms and plays a significant role in contemporary Iran, as there are various forms of mystical education and its methods following the various interests and tendencies. However, despite its rich history, a comprehensive description and analysis of this phenomenon is not yet available. This paper seeks to present a brief but comprehensive and analytic vision of 'irfan in contemporary Iran. This helps students of 'irfan to see different dimensions of the field, as can provide all wayfarers of the path of 'irfan with a candle.
Journal of Religious Thought : A Quarterly Journal of Shiraz University
Shiraz University
2251-6123
13
v.
46
no.
2013
47
68
https://jrt.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2441_04589131258b3dc2b2bf29d339dc7122.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22099/jrt.2013.2441
An Existential Explanation of the Law of Non-Contradiction
Mohammad
Bonyani
استادیار دانشکده الاهیات و معارف اسلامی دانشگاه شیراز
author
text
article
2013
per
There has been too much discussion about the law of non-contradiction from logical point of view. It seems that if we do not explain this rule from ontological outlook, it will become merely a logical rule that displays its role and effects indirectly and potentially in philosophical problems. By existential explanation of the law of non- contradiction, we can justify the ontological root of logical aspect of this rule and change its position in philosophical problems. In this relation, we should explain and clarify existence and nonexistence as two components of this rule and its relation to knowing subject. Finally, it will become obvious that this rule actualizes itself in existential domain of the knowing subject and gives a base for viewing and knowing the world.
Journal of Religious Thought : A Quarterly Journal of Shiraz University
Shiraz University
2251-6123
13
v.
46
no.
2013
69
84
https://jrt.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2442_e602ea364b43edca513d2c11811db2ed.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22099/jrt.2013.2442
Religion and Mundane Affairs: Different Insights of Religions Concerning Mundane
Alireza
Shojaeezand
دانشیار دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
author
text
article
2013
per
The relation between religion and mundane affairs is one of the favourite problems of theologians and philosophers of religion. But sociologists have not paid sufficient attention to this problem. In this paper we aim to show that despite the reductionistic approaches in study of religion, sociology of religion needs too much attention to the above mentioned problem. We are going to open a primary chapter in sociological study of religion. In addition we aim to reach a more clear understanding of secularization in such a way to be compatible with Islamic teachings and social conditions of Iran. Therefore we first emphasise the importance of mundane affairs from the viewpoints of different religions. Secondly we will compare these viewpoints to each other. Thirdly, preassuming that religious teachings have important role in determing the mode of social life of religious people, we will discuss in more details the role of some teachings such as salvation, theodicy and tensions with mundane affairs. Finally we will show the effect of these teachings in changing some prevailing approaches in sociological view of religion. In this relation we will emphasize a few facts concerning religion which have been ignored and which have important role in changing the theories of secularization.
Journal of Religious Thought : A Quarterly Journal of Shiraz University
Shiraz University
2251-6123
13
v.
46
no.
2013
85
118
https://jrt.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2443_e67ac3f2158008c3eed5d2bc595fd7ea.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22099/jrt.2013.2443
Ibn Sina᾿s Innovation in Causality Problem
Ahmad
Beheshti
استاد فلسفه و کلام اسلامی
author
Mohsen
Izadi
استادیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد فسا
author
Mahmood Reza
Mirzajani
کارشناس ارشد فلسفه و کلام اسلامی و ابواب جمعی اداره کل آموزش و پرورش استان فارس
author
text
article
2013
per
Causality is one of the most important problems and one of the oldest one among philosophical problems. Greek philosophers, especially Aristotle had a great role in developing this issue. In this paper we will discuss the role of Ibn Sina in this relation. Ibn Sina is not merely a commentator of Aristotle. He made great innovations in this relation. He gave a new formulation both in content and in the form of this problem. We can discuss his views in issues such as: definition of causality, its divisions, different aspects of the cause and cause- effect rules. We will show his innovations and his philosophical initiatives in these issues.
Journal of Religious Thought : A Quarterly Journal of Shiraz University
Shiraz University
2251-6123
13
v.
46
no.
2013
119
142
https://jrt.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2444_da28fb7e4e008f8a52fc726496d863f0.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22099/jrt.2013.2444
Explaining Qur'anic Verses which Contain Objections against Prophet Muhammad and How to Make it Compatible with the Theory of Innocence of the Prophet from Mulla Sadra's Viewpoint
Reza
Niroomand
دانشجوی دکتری دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
author
Elham
Mohammadzadeh
دانشجوی دکتری دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
author
text
article
2013
per
We find verses of Qur'an which express innocence of prophet Muhammad. On the other hand we see verses which contain a kind of objection against him. Theologians, philosophers and theosophers have represented different theories concerning prophet's innocence and its scope. In this way they have tried to make these two groups of verses compatible. In this paper we will discuss Mulla Sadra's viewpoint in this relation. Based on the theory of perfect man and the theory of hierarchical levels of meaning of the Quran, Mulla Sadra believes that the scope of the prophet's innocence is much wider than what theologians think. He gives a new interpretation from the second group of verses. He believes that the apparently objections of Quran against the Prophet are a kind of delicate objection which causes the prophet to reach to the position of pure servanthood and gives a way to educate his nation (Umma).
Journal of Religious Thought : A Quarterly Journal of Shiraz University
Shiraz University
2251-6123
13
v.
46
no.
2013
143
164
https://jrt.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2445_38f3577eb5d9f08dfebe9d0ba0f3d281.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22099/jrt.2013.2445
The Epistemic Justification of Immediate Knowledge of God from Sadra's Philosophy Perspective
Abbas
Yazdani
استادیار دانشگاه تهران
author
text
article
2013
per
The chief purpose of this paper is to argue for the possibility of immediate knowledge of God through knowledge by presence from Sadra’s philosophical perspective. This sort of immediate and direct knowledge can provide justification for belief in God. I shall show how knowledge by presence works in this regard, and how important the role of knowledge by presence is in a religious epistemology. Sadra as a famous Shi‘ite philosopher in his new philosophical school, al-Hikmat al-muta‘åliyah, on the basis of Shi’ite theology, has attempted to employ knowledge by presence to argue for the justification of immediate knowledge of God. I also shall deal with the criticisms of the immediate knowledge of God, that Sadra contended epistemically.
Journal of Religious Thought : A Quarterly Journal of Shiraz University
Shiraz University
2251-6123
13
v.
46
no.
2013
165
183
https://jrt.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2446_c1afc2c6adde879c6327fda1983a61f1.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22099/jrt.2013.2446